Modified Pulse 2.45 Fractal Microstrip Antenna

In this paper, the idea of space-filling properties of the fractal is used to minimize the area of a microstrip rectangular patch antenna operating at 2.45GHz. The first iteration is in the form of a pulse and the study includes the first four iterations. It is found that the second iteration is the most suitable one because the third and fourth iterations have inferior antenna parameters. The size reduction in this case is about 15.1%. In order to further reduce the antenna size many trials have been carried out. These trials include adding a shorting wall, adding an air gap, adding a shorting wall and an air gap together, adding a shorting wall (or pins) together with an air gap and inverting the patch. As a consequence 46.12 % reduction in size is obtained with reasonable antenna gain. The designed antennas were fabricated on Teflon dielectric substrates and good agreement is found between simulated and measured results.